Unsupervised AI breaks new ground by predicting the progression of COVID-19 and survival of patients directly from their chest CT images
Fast and accurate clinical assessment of the disease progression and mortality is vital for the management of COVID-19 patients. Although several predictors have been proposed, they have been limited to subjective assessment, semi-automated schemes or supervised deep learning approaches. Such predictors are subjective or require laborious annotation of training cases.
In a multi-center study that was published in the Medical Image Analysis, a research team lead by Hiroyuki Yoshida, PhD, director of the 3D Imaging Research at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), showed that unsupervised deep learning based on computed tomography can provide a significantly higher prognostic performance than established laboratory tests and existing image-based visual and quantitative survival predictors.
The model can predict, for each patient, the time when COVID-19 progresses and thus the time when the patient is admitted to an intensive care unit or when the patient is diseased, something that other image-based prediction models cannot do. The time information calculated by the model also enables stratification of the patients into low- and high-risk groups by a wider margin than what is possible with other predictors.
“Our results show that the prediction performance of the unsupervised AI model was significantly higher and the prediction error significantly lower than those of the previously established reference predictors,” says Yoshida. “The use of unsupervised AI as an integral part of the survival prediction model makes it possible to perform prognostic predictions directly from the original CT images of patients at a higher accuracy than what was previously possible in quantitative imaging.”
